In programming, a data type defines the type of value a variable can store.
Python has several built-in data types that are used to store different kinds of data.
Getting the Data Type
You can use the type() function to find the data type of a variable.
Example:
x = 5
print(type(x))
Output:
<class 'int'>
Python Built-in Data Types
Python has the following data types:
| Category | Data Types |
|---|---|
| Text Type | str |
| Numeric Types | int, float, complex |
| Sequence Types | list, tuple, range |
| Mapping Type | dict |
| Set Types | set, frozenset |
| Boolean Type | bool |
| Binary Types | bytes, bytearray, memoryview |
| None Type | NoneType |
String Type
Strings are used to store text.
Example:
name = "John"
print(type(name))
Output:
<class 'str'>
Integer Type
Integers are whole numbers without decimals.
Example:
age = 25
print(type(age))
Output:
<class 'int'>
Float Type
Floats are numbers with decimal points.
Example:
price = 99.99
print(type(price))
Output:
<class 'float'>
Complex Type
Complex numbers contain a real and imaginary part.
Example:
x = 3 + 5j
print(type(x))
Output:
<class 'complex'>
List Type
Lists store multiple items in a single variable.
Example:
fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"]
print(type(fruits))
Output:
<class 'list'>
Tuple Type
Tuples are ordered and unchangeable collections.
Example:
colors = ("Red", "Green", "Blue")
print(type(colors))
Output:
<class 'tuple'>
Range Type
The range() The function generates a sequence of numbers.
Example:
x = range(5)
print(type(x))
Output:
<class 'range'>
Dictionary Type
Dictionaries store data in key-value pairs.
Example:
person = {
"name": "John",
"age": 25
}
print(type(person))
Output:
<class 'dict'>
Set Type
Sets store unique values.
Example:
numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4}
print(type(numbers))
Output:
<class 'set'>
Boolean Type
Booleans represent one of two values: True or False.
Example:
is_active = True
print(type(is_active))
Output:
<class 'bool'>
None Type
The None value represents no value or a null value.
Example:
x = None
print(type(x))
Output:
<class 'NoneType'>
Setting a Specific Data Type
Python automatically assigns data types, but you can also specify them using constructor functions.
Example:
x = str("Hello")
y = int(5)
z = float(5.5)
print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))
Output:
<class 'str'>
<class 'int'>
<class 'float'>
Summary
- Data types define the kind of value a variable stores.
- Use
type()to check a variable’s data type. - Common data types include
str,int,float,bool,list,tuple,set, anddict. - Python automatically determines the data type when a value is assigned.