Python If Else

The else statement is used with the if statement to execute a block of code when the condition is False.

Syntax

if condition:
    # code if condition is True
else:
    # code if condition is False

Simple If Else Statement

Example:

age = 16

if age >= 18:
    print("You are an adult")
else:
    print("You are a minor")

Output:

You are a minor

How It Works

• If the condition is True, the if block executes.
• If the condition is False, the else block executes.

Example:

x = 5

if x > 10:
    print("Greater than 10")
else:
    print("Less than or equal to 10")

Output:

Less than or equal to 10

Using Comparison Operators

Example:

number = 20

if number == 20:
    print("Number is 20")
else:
    print("Number is not 20")

Output:

Number is 20

Checking User Login

Example:

is_logged_in = False

if is_logged_in:
    print("Welcome")
else:
    print("Please Login")

Output:

Please Login

Multiple Statements

You can place multiple statements inside both if and else blocks.

Example:

age = 20

if age >= 18:
    print("Adult")
    print("Can Vote")
else:
    print("Minor")
    print("Cannot Vote")

Output:

Adult
Can Vote

Nested If Else

Example:

age = 25

if age >= 18:
    if age >= 21:
        print("Access Granted")
    else:
        print("Limited Access")
else:
    print("Access Denied")

Output:

Access Granted

Short Hand If Else

You can write an if else statement in a single line.

Syntax:

value_if_true if condition else value_if_false

Example:

age = 20

print("Adult" if age >= 18 else "Minor")

Output:

Adult

Practical Example

Check whether a number is even or odd.

Example:

number = 7

if number % 2 == 0:
    print("Even Number")
else:
    print("Odd Number")

Output:

Odd Number

Common Mistake

Incorrect indentation:

age = 18

if age >= 18:
    print("Adult")
else:
print("Minor")

Output:

IndentationError

Correct:

age = 18

if age >= 18:
    print("Adult")
else:
    print("Minor")

Summary

• The else statement executes when the if condition is False.
• Only one block (if or else) is executed.
• Multiple statements can be included in both blocks.
• if else statements can be nested.
• Short-hand if else can be written in a single line.